The use of tear gas as a crowd-control measure has drawn significant public attention. Commonly deployed to disperse or break up large gatherings when they become uncontrollable in confrontations with police or military forces, tear gas exposure not only causes eye irritation but can also lead to other health issues.
An Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT), Head, and Neck Specialist at UGM Academic Hospital (RSA UGM), Dr. Anton Sony Wibowo, explained that the health impacts of tear gas exposure vary, ranging from mild irritation to severe medical problems, such as respiratory failure, depending on the individual’s condition.
“Generally, it can cause eye irritation, a burning sensation in the nose and throat, coughing, and discomfort. However, in vulnerable individuals such as the elderly, children, or patients with respiratory illnesses, exposure can be more serious and may even result in respiratory failure,” said Dr. Wibowo on Monday (Sep. 8).
According to Dr. Wibowo, tear gas is essentially a chemical compound in aerosol form that disperses in the air. This substance can affect various exposed parts of the body, including the skin, eyes, nose, mouth, and throat.
He further recommended rinsing the eyes with saline solution if exposed to tear gas. Physiological saline solution, with a concentration of 0.9%, is safe for washing affected areas.
“Saline solution matches the body’s natural fluid concentration, making it very safe for rinsing,” he explained.
Regarding the practice of using toothpaste, which demonstrators sometimes apply as a preventive measure, Dr. Wibowo emphasized that, in theory, toothpaste should only be used for dental hygiene and not on other parts of the body.
He advised demonstrators and the public to avoid areas with high tear gas concentrations whenever possible. If already exposed, they should quickly move to a location with good air circulation and rinse the body with clean water or saline solution.
“The key principle is to minimize direct contact with the chemical,” he noted.
Commenting on the use of tear gas by security forces, Dr. Wibowo stressed the importance of caution in its application. While police already have standard operating procedures, from a medical standpoint, their use should be carried out carefully. He added that communities at risk of exposure also need to remain alert.
“In essence, prevent, avoid, and protect yourself from exposure,” he concluded.
Author: Ika Agustine
Editor: Gusti Grehenson
Post-editor: Rajendra Arya
Illustration: jawapos.com