A fire incident at the Terra Drone shophouse in Kemayoran, Central Jakarta, on Dec. 9, claimed the lives of 22 people. The fire, which broke out at the drone technology company’s building during the lunch break, was reported by authorities to have caused fatalities primarily due to carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation. Earlier, a fire at the Wang Fuk Court apartment complex in Hong Kong on Nov. 27 resulted in 159 deaths and 79 injuries, including nine Indonesian citizens who lost their lives.
In response to these incidents, a pulmonologist at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, and a lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing of Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), Ika Trisnawati, addressed the relationship between the human respiratory system and carbon monoxide exposure.
Trisnawati explained that carbon monoxide, which is inherently toxic, poses a danger when inhaled. This compound can disrupt cellular function and lead to organ damage. The risk is even greater in enclosed-space fires, where gas accumulates and does not readily disperse.
“In a closed room, the gas simply circulates within the space, so the concentration inhaled is certainly much higher than in open air,” she said on Monday (Dec. 29).
In fire incidents, Trisnawati noted that if victims are still conscious, they should be immediately moved to an open area with clean air. If a victim is unconscious but still has a pulse, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be performed by pumping the heart and providing oxygen through rescue breathing.
“The goal is to deliver as much oxygen as possible. The sooner assistance is given, the better. The longer the delay, the greater the risk of irreversible damage, particularly to the brain,” Trisnawati explained.
Reflecting on recent fire cases, she observed that many people may not yet be accustomed to installing carbon monoxide detectors, which are in fact crucial for detecting gas leaks, combustion by-products, and similar hazards.
She also emphasized the importance of ensuring proper home ventilation, regularly checking gas-powered appliances, and inspecting electrical installations, especially since faulty electrical systems are among the most common causes of fires.
“If a fire occurs, evacuate immediately. If possible, use a cloth to cover your nose and mouth. It is better if the cloth is moistened, as it can help filter carbon monoxide, although not completely. If nothing is available, cover them with your hands,” Trisnawati advised.
In closing, Trisnawati concluded that understanding the signs and dangers of carbon monoxide inhalation is essential. Such awareness enables people to promptly assist victims by moving them to uncontaminated air and providing immediate first aid.
Author: Alena Damaris
Editor: Gusti Grehenson
Post-editor: Rajendra Arya
Illustration: Freepik