Weight loss has been proven effective as a therapeutic approach for individuals with prediabetes. Prediabetes is a condition in which blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes.
Weight reduction is recommended as therapy because it helps decrease body fat quantity and activity, particularly around the abdomen, which contributes to insulin resistance. Extensive studies have shown that lifestyle changes focusing on a healthy diet and regular exercise can prevent or delay diabetes and even restore blood sugar levels to normal.
Ali Baswedan, an internist specializing in endocrine and metabolic disorders at the UGM Academic Hospital (RSA UGM), stated that losing approximately 7% of initial body weight has been proven to reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
“Excess body weight, particularly fat around the abdomen, weakens insulin performance or lowers insulin sensitivity. As a result, blood sugar levels tend to rise, increasing the risk of prediabetes. The higher the body weight, the greater the risk,” said Baswedan on Monday (Nov. 3).
According to the doctor, individuals who are obese, have a family history of diabetes, engage in little physical activity, or are over 40 years old are at higher risk of developing prediabetes.
Therefore, efforts to lose weight help reduce fat storage in the body, making the body more sensitive to insulin and improving its performance. Additionally, reducing body fat helps lower inflammation and decrease the production of chemical substances that inhibit insulin function.
“As a result, glucose enters cells more easily and blood sugar levels decrease,” he explained.
The goal of this program, he noted, is not merely the amount of weight lost in kilograms but rather the reduction of body fat, which improves insulin function. Increased muscle mass means that more blood sugar (glucose) is burned in the muscles, while a more even fat distribution in the body enhances metabolism.
“Therefore, a combination of strength training to build muscle mass and aerobic exercise provides the best results,” he said.
For some people who have recovered from prediabetes or whose blood sugar levels have returned to normal, weight loss plays a significant role. However, outcomes depend on the duration of prediabetes, the condition of the pancreas, and the ability to maintain body weight.
“If weight increases again, the prediabetic condition will reappear,” Baswedan added.
He further described prediabetes as a “yellow light” condition (an early warning sign leading to type 2 diabetes but one that can still be reversed). Achieving a healthy weight through balanced nutrition and regular physical activity can help normalize blood sugar levels without the need for medication.
“The key is not medication but consistent, long-term lifestyle changes,” he concluded.
Author: Jelita Agustine
Post-editor: Rajendra Arya
Editor: Gusti
Illustration: Freepik